Also:
3d) Endosymbiont capture. Bacteria such as Borelia become integral
components of Aphids and as such are a form of integrated genome. In a way
this is a form of production of new organelles. Other general examples
would be the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria.
>
>
>4) Mechanisms to increase the number of proteins an organism produces:
> (without changing genome size)
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>4a) New splice variants. Mutations can occasionally lead to the
>production of new splice variants, increasing the total number of
>different proteins that the genome can produce.
>4b) Mutation after gene duplication.
How about:
4c) Mutations resulting in differential RNA editing leading to different
coding strands on the same messenger RNA
4d) Ambiguous tRNA charging leading to a variety of amino acid combinations
from the same messenger RNA
Joel Duff